I. Development of new approaches to the resolution of labile biological macromolecules. II. Morphological, biochemical and physical studies of Proteus phase A B and C strains

Four new separation methods were investigated theoretically and experimentally to determine their practicability and extent of application. The first method was based on separating molecules in a liquid phase by their different surface activities to a liquid-gas interface. The gas phase was slowly-ascending microbubbles in a long and narrow vertical column containing the liquid phase. The second method of separation was based on separating molecules in a liquid phase by their electric dipole differences. The separatory force that was used is called dielectrophoresis. A differential flow effect was used to amplify the small transitions caused by the relatively weak dielectrophoretic force. The third method of separation was based on separating molecules in a liquid phase by a differential flow called the "wall" or "axial" flow effect. This type of differential flow results in the larger molecules of a heterogeneous solution flowing through a capillary tube migrating towards the center of the tube and, consequently, into a higher velocity stream. A fourth separation method was based on separating a mixture of molecules in a liquid phase by their interactions to specific or nonspecific-reacting column-packing or capillary wall-coating materials. The specific-reacting materials suggested are DNA, RNA, and various specific-reacting proteins. Nonspecific-reacting materials suggested are structural proteins, fatty acids, and steroids. [...]