Comparative Metagenomics To Study The Impact Of Methyl Parathion On Farmland Bacterial Populations

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dc.contributor.committeeMemberIyer, Rupa
dc.contributor.committeeMemberMoges, Mequanint A.
dc.contributor.committeeMemberKhan, Abdul L.
dc.creatorKidanemariam, Meron
dc.creator.orcid0000-0002-1815-2710
dc.date.accessioned2022-09-08T14:58:46Z
dc.date.available2022-09-08T14:58:46Z
dc.date.createdDecember 2021
dc.date.issued2022-01
dc.date.updated2022-09-08T14:58:47Z
dc.description.abstractMethyl parathion is a broad-spectrum organophosphate insecticide and acaricide that has been classified as a Class I insecticide with restrictions for use by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It is commonly applied as a dust, powder, concentrate, emulsion, or granules to inhibit boll weevils and other insects found in agricultural crops. Studies showed that methyl parathion (MP) is generally hydrolyzable and rapidly breaks down in water and sediments via photolysis and biodegradation by various microorganisms. This study uses metagenomics to compare the effect of MP on farmland soil microorganisms population. It was found that the unamended soil sample contained an abundant phylum of proteobacteria (45%) which are known to degrade MP. However, upon amending the soil with MP a net reduction of microbial species was observed, including in species harboring degradation biomarkers. Based on bioinformatics data collected from MG-RAST, the methyl parathion degradation (MPD) pathway is likely incomplete, effectively blocked with the formation of p-nitrophenol (PNP). PNP is also poisonous and significantly reduces bacterial metabolism and growth. p-nitrophenol genes are primarily found on mobile elements that were not present within these soil samples. It is therefore likely that upon inoculation into MP , the underlying bacterial population degraded MP to PNP but were unable to proceed further and slowly died off. The putative MPD species found for this study is the Rhizobium sp. MTP-10005, an alphaproteobacterium, since it is the one that has the biodegradation capability via the maleylacetate and hydroxyquinol of the methyl parathion degradation pathway.
dc.description.departmentEngineering Technology, Department of
dc.format.digitalOriginborn digital
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10657/11004
dc.language.isoeng
dc.rightsThe author of this work is the copyright owner. UH Libraries and the Texas Digital Library have their permission to store and provide access to this work. Further transmission, reproduction, or presentation of this work is prohibited except with permission of the author(s).
dc.subjectMethyl Parathion degradation
dc.subjectMetagenomic Analysis
dc.subjectMPD gene
dc.subjectMPD biomarker
dc.titleComparative Metagenomics To Study The Impact Of Methyl Parathion On Farmland Bacterial Populations
dc.type.dcmiText
dc.type.genreThesis
thesis.degree.collegeCullen College of Engineering
thesis.degree.departmentEngineering Technology, Department of
thesis.degree.disciplineEngineering Technology
thesis.degree.grantorUniversity of Houston
thesis.degree.levelMasters
thesis.degree.nameMaster of Science

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