Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/Angiotensin Receptor Blockers, Statins and Dementia in Patients with Heart Failure
| dc.contributor.advisor | Johnson, Michael L. | |
| dc.contributor.committeeMember | Aparasu, Rajender R. | |
| dc.contributor.committeeMember | Chen, Hua | |
| dc.contributor.committeeMember | Kunik, Mark E. | |
| dc.contributor.committeeMember | Schulz, Paul E. | |
| dc.creator | Chitnis, Abhishek | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2014-12-18T14:26:25Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2014-12-18T14:26:25Z | |
| dc.date.created | December 2012 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2012-12 | |
| dc.date.updated | 2014-12-18T14:26:25Z | |
| dc.description.abstract | Heart failure (HF) and dementia are common medical conditions in older adults.(1) More than 5.5 million adults have HF in the United States (US) and the incidence approaches 10 per 1000 population after 65 years of age. HF Heart failure (HF) is associated with increased risk of dementia and dementia that is a major growing public health problem in the United States and worldwide. One in six individuals older than 70 have dementia with prevalence increasing exponentially with advanced age. As a result, it is estimated that the number of dementia cases in 2050 will increase threefold compared with 2000. Dementia is an independent predictor of increased mortality in HF patients. There is increasing evidence that hypertension and dyslipidemia are associated with an increase in the risk of dementia, but it remains unclear whether anti-hypertensive and lipid-lowering agents alter the risk of dementia. The goal of this study is to test whether angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors /angiotensin receptor blockers (ACEIs/ARBs) and statins alter the risk of dementia in patients with heart failure. Specific Aim 1 is to determine factors that predict treatment with ACEIs/ARBs and statins and to calculate propensity scores that will be used in Aim 3. Specific Aim 2 is to test the association of ACEIs/ARBs and statins and time to dementia diagnosis in patients with heart failure using Cox hazards model. Specific Aim 3 is to extend the analysis to marginal structural models and compare results from Aim 2 to estimates obtained from marginal structural models. We determined variation in incidence rates of dementia associated with socio-demographic factors (age, sex) and clinical factors (comorbid disease conditions and co-medications). We obtained propensity scores of treatments (ACEIs/ARBs and statins).To determine the unique effects of ACEIs/ARBs and statins after controlling for potential confounding factors, we adjusted for socio-demographic factors, comorbidities and co-medications in Cox hazards model of time to first diagnosis of dementia. Marginal structural models using inverse probability of treatment weighting were used to test treatment effects, and results were compared to results obtained from Cox hazards regression. We conducted this study in a cohort of elderly with HF enrolled in a local Medicare Advantage Prescription Drug plan from 2008 to 2011. The study adds to the only outcomes, mortality and hospitalization considered in management of HF thus improving the quality of care. The findings from this observational study will help to address determinants of variation in treatment and our long range goal is to identify strategies to reduce the risk of dementia in this frail HF population. | |
| dc.description.department | Pharmacy, College of | |
| dc.format.digitalOrigin | born digital | |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10657/816 | |
| dc.language.iso | eng | |
| dc.rights | The author of this work is the copyright owner. UH Libraries and the Texas Digital Library have their permission to store and provide access to this work. Further transmission, reproduction, or presentation of this work is prohibited except with permission of the author(s). | |
| dc.subject | Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors | |
| dc.subject | Angiotensin receptor blockers | |
| dc.subject | Statins | |
| dc.subject | Heart failure | |
| dc.subject | Dementia | |
| dc.subject.lcsh | Pharmacy management | |
| dc.title | Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/Angiotensin Receptor Blockers, Statins and Dementia in Patients with Heart Failure | |
| dc.type.dcmi | Text | |
| dc.type.genre | Thesis | |
| thesis.degree.college | College of Pharmacy | |
| thesis.degree.department | Pharmacy, College of | |
| thesis.degree.discipline | Pharmacy Administration | |
| thesis.degree.grantor | University of Houston | |
| thesis.degree.level | Doctoral | |
| thesis.degree.name | Doctor of Philosophy |