Browsing by Author "Matchanova, Anastasia"
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Item Pharmacy Internet Navigation Skills in Older Adults with HIV Disease: Influence of Health Literacy and Association with Medication Management(2020-05) Matchanova, Anastasia; Woods, Steven P.; Medina, Luis D.; Xiao, ZhiwenA large portion of health-based Internet use for persons with HIV is focused on online pharmacies, which can provide a more anonymous, cheaper and easier alternative to purchasing medications. Pharmacy Internet navigation skills (INS) are an important component of successful online pharmacy use in HIV populations, which may be affected by a multitude of factors, including neuropsychological deficits and low health literacy. The current study aimed to: 1) examine whether health literacy modulates the effects of HIV on pharmacy INS speed and accuracy; and 2) evaluate whether pharmacy INS are related to medication management in persons with HIV disease. Study participants included 98 individuals with HIV infection and 36 seronegatives who completed measures of health literacy, medication management, cognition, and the Test of Online Pharmacy Skills (TOPS). In models adjusting for sociodemographics, neurocognition and internet use and anxiety, there were no main effects of HIV on TOPS and no interaction with health literacy. There was a main effect of health literacy, which showed medium effect size associations with TOPS speed/accuracy irrespective of serostatus. Within the HIV+ subsample, models adjusting for sociodemographics, neurocognition and internet use and anxiety showed no main effects of TOPS speed/accuracy on medication management and no interaction with health literacy. There was a main effect of health literacy, which showed medium effect size associations with medication management. Findings indicate that health literacy plays a major role in online pharmacy navigation but is not synergistic with HIV disease. Future studies are needed to further explore the role of various dimensions of health literacy in online pharmacy navigation in order to better identify possible targets for compensation and remediation.Item Think Before You Share: The Role of Age and Attention/Working Memory in Proliferation of COVID-19 Misinformation on Social Media(2023-05-26) Matchanova, Anastasia; Woods, Steven P.; Medina, Luis D.; Neighbors, Clayton; Podell, KennethIn the setting of a global pandemic, COVID-19 misinformation proliferating online has led to profound health-related and societal consequences. Older adults comprise a particularly vulnerable population due to increased risk for both COVID-19 related complications and susceptibility to, as well as sharing of, misinformation on social networking sites. The present study aims were to: 1) investigate whether older adults benefit from a theory-based attentional manipulation to dampen online sharing of COVID-19 misinformation compared to younger adults; and 2) examine whether differences in clinical attention/working memory (WM) help to explain age-related differences in sharing misinformation about COVID-19. One hundred and two adults completed a telephone-based assessment including standardized measures of attention/WM. Participants also completed the Social Media headline-sharing experiment that was modeled after the “News-sharing task” by Pennycook et al. (2020) and involves a simple manipulation at the start of the task (i.e., judging the accuracy of a non-COVID-19-related headline). Results show that older adults are less likely to share both accurate and false information and show greater headline accuracy discernment as compared to younger adults. A repeated measures multivariate analysis of variance test showed no effect of the accuracy judgement manipulation for either younger or older adults. Moreover, individual differences in attention/WM, as measured by Digit Span Total PCA composite, were not associated with age or sharing intentions for accurate and false COVID-19 related information. Effect sizes were small across these null findings. Findings suggest that older age is associated with better accuracy in determining the veracity of COVID-19 news headlines and a reduced likelihood of sharing information online. Attention-based accuracy judgments did not dampen the sharing of false information, which may be due to differences in study design, sample demographics, reproducibility of the original experiment, or timing of data collection. Further research should explore the association between aspects of attention particularly vulnerable to aging, including sustained attention and the central executive component of WM, and sharing likelihood for COVID-19 misinformation.