Browsing by Author "Madrid-Morales, Daniel"
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Item A Qualitative Case Study of the IRB Review Process and Consent Form through a Legal and Moral Framework(2022-05-12) Rentcome, Jessica; Yamasaki, Jill; Madrid-Morales, Daniel; Griffith, KristoferInformed consent documents (ICDs or “consent forms”) are a founding ethical principle of human subjects research designed to empower patients with the knowledge to choose. The consent form can be a particular mechanism of protection for vulnerable groups, such as oncology patients, who face unique health literacy challenges. Yet in the last 20 years, consent forms in the oncology setting have doubled in length and complexity, in part because research itself has become more complex, but also because the document has become cluttered with legal jargon intended to protect institutions and researchers rather than the patient (a legal framework versus a moral one). The lengthened, burdensome consent form in conjunction with low-to-average health literacy rates in the United States begs the question: How did we get here? Who is approving these documents and practices? This case study at Beacon Cancer Center seeks to better understand the role of the IRB in reviewing and approving consent forms in the oncology setting.Item Girls Incarcerated: A Textual and Visual Analysis of the Portrayal of Recidivism and Rehabilitation by Reality Television Participants(2020-05) Ervin, Francesca Nicole; Harlow, Summer; Madrid-Morales, Daniel; Vincent, John P.This study investigated the portrayal of rehabilitation and recidivism on the Netflix reality show Girls Incarcerated: Young and Locked Up as well as the portrayal of rehabilitation and recidivism on the Instagram accounts of eight of the girls who participated in the reality show. In doing so, this study sought to answer how rehabilitation and recidivism were portrayed and to address the morality of involving members of vulnerable populations (i.e. children, incarcerated, members of ethnic minorities) to participate in a reality television show during their rehabilitation.Item Oy Vey! Has Television Depiction Really Come a Long Way? a Content Analysis of Jewish Depiction on Television(2020-05) Mandell, Lyric L.; Harlow, Summer; Madrid-Morales, Daniel; Frieden, SandyThe use of stereotypes against Jews is rooted in the false notion that they have distinguishing physical features, but also distinctive personality traits that tend to set them apart from the idealized Aryan persona (Byers & Kreiger, 2005). Stereotypes are not cultivated through personal experiences, rather they are perpetuated through media, and both malevolent and benign stereotypes can have pernicious effects on how the stereotyped community is viewed (Stember, 1966). A significant amount of stereotyping in the media studies place focus on racial and ethnic minorities, however, this study examines an understudied minority group in the media—the Jewish community. Further, little research has explored the power of streaming and the use of stereotypes within streaming content despite the shift steaming has brought in viewing demographics and behaviors (Li et al., 2015). With this in mind, this thesis employs a content analysis critically comparing comedies and dramas within streaming shows The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel and The Man in The High Castle, and broadcast shows Friends and Grey’s Anatomy, in order to understand how Jewish stereotypes, differ between platforms, genres, and scene tones. It was found that Jewish stereotypes are significantly more common in comedies, and in scenes with a humorous tone. While there is not a significant difference of overall use of stereotypes in streaming and broadcast networks, there is a significant difference in types of stereotypes used within varying platforms. This thesis contributes to media stereotyping scholarship by demonstrating that the same patterns of marginalization via humor applies to a group that is both a religious and ethnic minority, in this case, the stereotyping of Jewish people. In addition, it was found that the Jewish community is subject to the same power structures as other minority groups, in which media continues to reinforce and perpetuate stereotypical narratives of the community.Item Trump and the Spiral of Silence(2022-05-12) Roberts, Dustin Shane; Madrid-Morales, Daniel; Camaj, Lindita; Archer, Allison M. N.This study explores how 14 conservative college students managed their political expressions on campus during and after the 2020 U.S. presidential election with Elizabeth Noelle-Neumann’s theory of the spiral of silence. Through conducting in-depth qualitative interviews with conservative students or alumni from the University of Houston and Texas A&M University, it was found that several participants from the University of Houston felt strong social pressure to censor their political expressions while most of the sample from Texas A&M University did not. Students in the sample reported experiencing social pressure in two primary domains: classrooms and greater campus. This paper contributes to theory by considering the role that institutions can play in peoples’ political expressions. Findings suggested a possible association between two-step flow theory and the spiral of silence theory in some outcomes. Affective social interactions with professors and other students, or “episodes” are discussed.Item VERIFICATION OF COVID-19 MISINFORMATION ONLINE: LITERACY CONTRIBUTIONS OF FACT CHECKING WEBSITES DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN NIGERIA(2023-05-25) Aina, Emmanuella Morounfolu; Harlow, Summer; Madrid-Morales, Daniel; Yamasaki, JillWith the rise of social media have come problems of authorship and mis- and dis- and mal-information. Social media allows everyday people to become content creators and gives a voice to ordinary citizens to express themselves. Despite the benefits of citizen participation, misinformation continues to thrive in both Western and non-Western contexts. Three fact-checking websites, Dubawa, Africa Check, and Fact Check Hub were analyzed in this thesis to identify the current literacy efforts towards tackling misinformation in Nigeria. The results revealed that there was a significant difference between news topics that debunked misinformation (ꭓ2 (5, 146) =19.083a, p = .002) and no significant difference between the news topics that encouraged misinformation literacy (ꭓ2 (5, 146) = 3.166a, p = .674) from articles analyzed in their efforts to present accurate information during the COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria. This thesis proposes that fact- checking organizations’ resources and fact checks be included as a crucial part of future literacy policy making efforts in the quest to fight misinformation on the continent. Future research should assess the extent to which fact-checking organizations deliver interventions i.e., fact-checked posts close to the sites where misinformation is propagated. Furthermore, there needs to be an assessment of the utilization of the proposed fact-checking skills identified by fact-checking organizations by individuals when they encounter misinformation online to assess their self-efficacy in responding appropriately to misinformation following misinformation literacy exposure.