Pelton, Barry C.2022-06-202022-06-2019752514929https://hdl.handle.net/10657/9425Purpose of the Study The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship of male and female attitudes toward administrative concepts for intramural-recreation programs as expressed by incumbent male and female administrators. In many organizations, especially colleges and universities, various positions such as intramural-recreation directorships have defined duties and responsibilities peculiar to that position. Too often these obligations are implemented with few attempts made to study conceptual variability as it relates to implementation, conduct, and evaluation of the intramural-recreation program. In order to fulfill the purpose of the study and to achieve a better understanding of the intramural-recreation directorship and those persons who serve as the intramural-recreation program director/advisor, it was hypothesized that there would be no significant attitudinal differences between male and female administrators for the following administrative dimensions. 1. Organization and Philosophy 2. Personnel 3. Finances, Facilities, and Equipment 4. Program Scope Procedure The population for this study was a sample of directors/advisors. The sample consisted of the total available population vzhich was one male director/advisor and one female director/advisor from each of 120 institutional membership institutions within the National Intramural Association. The 1973--74 Membership Directory of the National Intramural Association was used to identify the population. A preliminary semantic differential research instrument was developed and used in a pilot study involving 81 institutions. The 81 institutions held institutional memberships in the National Intramural Association. The enrollment for each institution was less than 5000. Analysis of the data from the pilot study provided construct validity for the final instrumentation. A final semantic differential questionnaire and demographic data request was mailed to each of the 240 male and female directors/advisors of intramural-recreation program membership institutions of the National Intramural Association whose enrollment was more than 5000. The data were subjected to three multivariate analyses. Alpha factor analysis followed by an orthogonal rotation to the varimax criterion was used to identify factor structure. Incomplete principal components analysis with a varimax rotation was used to calculate factor scores that were representative of respondents1 attitudes towards concepts per factor. Multivariate analysis of variance was used to test for differences of mean vectors between the female and male populations. Findings Demographic data were requested from each respondent. There were significant statistical differences between male and female administrators for the demographic areas of Percentage Assignment, Intramural-Recreation Department Structure, and Age Category. There were no statistically significant findings for the following areas: academic rank, highest earned degree, major professional preparation area, institution enrollment, length of tenure as director advisor. The model and the statistical design for the study focused upon variance among concepts within dimensions. The study design permitted the use of a special quality factor structure for the evaluative factor of the semantic differential. An Evaluative: Good-Bad and an Evaluative: Modern-Traditional factor structure made it possible to achieve directional hypothesis testing. The statistical analysis of the data considered each dimension separately. Within Dimension One, Administrative Organization and Philosophy, the one statistically significant finding was identified with Factor 2, Evaluative: Modern-Traditional of Concept 2, One Joint (unified) Organizational Pattern for Men and Women. Males viewed the concept as being more modern and less traditional than viewed by females. Within Dimension Two, Administrative Personnel, Factor 1, Evaluative: Good-Bad of Concept 1, One All-College/University Intramural-Recreation Directorship Position for Men and Women, accounted for the one statistically significant finding. Males viewed this concept significantly more favorably than did females. Within Dimension Three, Finances, Facilities, and Equipment, there were no statistically significant findings. Within Dimension Four, Program Scope, there were two statistically significant findings. Factor 2, Evaluative: Modern-Traditional of Concept 2, Sports Clubs, and Factor 1, Evaluative: Good-Bad of Concept 1, Extramurals, accounted for the two significant findings. Males viewed Sports Clubs more modern and more favorably than did females. Both males and females viewed Extramurals unfavorably, however, females viewed Extramurals significantly more favorable than did males. Conclusions The data revealed in this study are specific to the population of the study. Implications derived from the data and the conclusions made can be generalized to that population only. The overall representative status of the study population for intramural-recreation administrators, however, is the basis for the selection of the population. The fundamental assumption underlying the selection of the research population for the study vzas that it is representative of those intramural-recreation administrators who were members of the National Intramural Association. Within dimension one. Administrative Organization and Philosophy, an analysis of the data revealed a significant difference for one factor and one concept. Factor 2, Evaluative: Modern-Traditional of concept 2, One Joint (unified) Organizational Pattern for Men and Women, was significant. Males viewed the pattern of one organizational unit as significantly more modern and less traditional than females. Within dimension two. Administrative Personnel, an analysis of the data revealed a significant difference for one factor and one concept. Factor 1, Evaluative: Good-Bad of concept 1, One All-College/University Intramural-Recreation Directorship Position for Men and Women, was significant. Males viewed the single administrative position significantly more favorable and good than did females.application/pdfenThis item is protected by copyright but is made available here under a claim of fair use (17 U.S.C. Section 107) for non-profit research and educational purposes. 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