The relationship between extrinsic rewards, intrinsic rewards, and job satisfaction moderated by demographic variables
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Abstract
Viewed from the perspective of job characteristics defined as intrinsic rewards and supervisor given contingent rewards or extrinsic rewards, the relationship of intrinsic and extrinsic rewards to job satisfaction was studied. In addition moderator variables of years on job, age, sex, and education were evaluated concerning their influence on the rewards/job satisfaction relationship and the job characteristics/job satisfaction relationship. Intrinsic and extrinsic rewards are often shown to be a part of job satisfaction in literature dealing satisfaction. The influence of moderators is less consistently known. Theories of operant conditioning and expectancy theory show satisfaction as a result of the rewards administered contingently for behavior especially contingent positive rewards. The job characteristics theory illustrates job satisfaction along with reduced absenteeism and turnover as end products of the job characteristics model. Recent literature has not examined whether rewards interact to influence satisfaction or if rewards are related to one another. Although many moderating variables have been examined for on relationships which include job satisfaction as the dependent variable demographic variables have not been examined to a great extent and especially their effect on a rewards/job satisfaction is not known. The purpose of this research was to examine the relationship of intrinsic and extrinsic rewards and job satisfaction, to see if the interaction of intrinsic and extrinsic rewards was related to job satisfaction, and to see if intrinsic and extrinsic rewards were related. Moderating variables of years on job, age, sex, and education were examined for their effect on the extrinsic rewards/job satisfaction and intrinsic rewards/job satisfaction relationship. The research was conducted at a large southwestern university. Three hundred randomly selected employees were asked to respond to a questionnaire which included instruments that measured contingent rewards, job characteristics, and satisfaction. Two hundred and seven people responded. [...]