Functional-dialectical analysis of the evolution of the implementation of the law of industrial communities in the reformed private sector of the Peruvian industry

Peru has a pluralistic economy, which means the existence of multiple and competing organizations characterized by different forms of property. An industrial enterprise can participate in any of them; social, state, reformed private and fully private. This thesis is about the reformed private sector which provides for worker participation in profits, management and ownership of the company. The workers will eventually own 50 per cent of the stock holders equity of the company at which they work. The industrial community is the institution created by the government in all companies with five or more workers or with a net profit beyond a certain amount. This institution is selfmanaged and it is placed in a private company in order to bring about comanagement . The author hypothesizes that due to group pressures there has been an evolution in the implementation of the law of industrial communities although the text of the law has remained unchanged. She demonstrates it through a "functional-dialectical" analysis at three moments in time where the three great actors, identified as the government, the workers and the original owners of capital, come together for a moment of balance. This balance is every time lost because of the pressures of one of the groups involved. The methodology is that of functional analysis but the enphasis is on the dysfunctions of the system, from there the word "dialectical",those occurrences that make for change and evolution. This study is approached from three perspectives in order to give each of the three groups a fair share; their understanding of the industrial community and its implementation in each case responds to each group'different socialization, goals and commitments. By the same token the conclusions are of three kinds depending on which vantage point we take. They are not contradictory with each other, only partial. In order to gain a global understanding of the process being studied it is necessary to consider them all.