The Impact of School Characteristics on Passing and Failing Status of Public Elementary and Secondary Schools
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Social policies for children and youth have experienced frequent philosophical shifts and taken considerably different directions in the past century (Jenson & Fraser, 2006). Many social policies have been created in reaction to certain events or situations. A reactive approach to policy-making has led to inconsistent and fragmented policies and programs that often fall short of addressing the complex individual and social problems that confront many children, youth, and families (Jenson & Fraser, 2006). In 2002, President George W. Bush signed into law the No Child Left Behind Act (NLCB). This landmark legislation serves as a powerful example of a reactive approach to policy development and has altered significantly the role of the federal government in public education.