Glycemic Index and Eating Practices of Hispanic and African American Children

Background/Purpose: Limited research has examined the association among food intake, glycemic index level, and weight status. This study aimed to identify the glycemic index of commonly reported foods and identified glycemic index of liked/disliked fruits and vegetables of Hispanic and African American children ages 9-14 who were primarily overweight. Methods: 47 children completed Eating Habit Survey 17-item instrument assessing daily eating habits. Five items from this survey were used in this study. These items assessed commonly consumed foods by participants when they wake up and before they went to bed, and their favorite/disliked fruits and vegetables. Demographic Survey Instrument included questions regarding age, ethnicity, etc. Glycemic Index levels were measured using the Harvard Medical School chart (Harvard Health Publishing. Glycemic index for 60 foods - Harvard Health., 2015). Results indicated that foods higher in glycemic index levels were most commonly consumed for breakfast and before bedtime. However, participant’s reported favorite/disliked fruits and vegetables were low in glycemic index levels. Discussion: Nutrition interventions targeting Hispanic and African American youth must consider teaching them low glycemic food options for breakfast and bedtime. Acknowledge: This study is funded through the United States Department of Agriculture and United Health Foundation.